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    Family Farms and Plantations in Tropical Development

    Hayami, Yujiro | June 2002
    Abstract
    Small family farms and plantations are the two contrasting systems of agricultural production in the tropics. While the family farm is an old institution, which has existed since time immemorial, the plantation is a new institution brought by the West for extracting tropical cash crops for export to home countries. Large-scale operation of the plantation was necessary for internalizing gains from investment in infrastructure needed for opening vast tracts of unused lands. However, where the communities of indigenous smallholders had already been established, family farms proved to be equally or more efficient producers of tropical export crops with their family labor characterized by low supervision costs, relative to plantations based on hired labor. This advantage of family farms rose as population density increased and rural infrastructure improved, while not only economic but also social drawbacks of the plantation system loomed. Reorganization of the plantation is desired. However, breaking down plantations for operation by smallholders through government coercive measures will likely prove to be disruptive and inefficient. A better approach will be to support private sector initiative to reorganize the plantation system into a contract farming system in which an agribusiness enterprise manages the processing/marketing process and contracts with small growers for an assured supply of farm-produced raw materials.
    Citation
    Hayami, Yujiro. 2002. Family Farms and Plantations in Tropical Development. © Asian Development Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/11540/5410.
    Keywords
    Environmental Impact Assessment
    Environmental Health Hazards
    Environmental Guidelines
    Environmental Services
    Environmental Costs
    Environmental Conditions
    Environmental Action Plans
    Environmental Cleanup
    Project Evaluation
    Program Evaluation
    Project Evaluation & Review Technique
    Agricultural and Environmental Sectors
    Project Evaluation
    Program Evaluation
    Performance Evaluation
    Environmental Surveys
    Environmental Statistics
    Environmental Planning
    Environmental Management
    Environmental Education
    Nature Protection
    Landscape Protection
    Program management
    Environmental disasters
    Environmental disasters
    Oil spills prevention
    Life support systems
    Global environmental change
    Extreme environments
    Ecological disturbances
    Balance of nature
    Ecological risk assessment
    Land degradation
    Glacial erosion
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    Citable URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11540/5410
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    Author
    Hayami, Yujiro
    Theme
    Environment
    Evaluation
    Labor Migration
     
    Copyright 2016-2021 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise
    Copyright 2016-2021 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise