This paper examines the overall economic impact of Covid-19 on Johor, as well as the state and federal governments’ efforts to improve conditions amidst continued uncertainty and subsequent waves of the pandemic. It then looks at the possibility of recovery with the arrival of vaccines and ongoing discussions to reopen the border.

Since the outreach of a cold chain in remote areas will require abundant energy availability, the immunization process will face critical challenges and limitations. This study identifies the energy requirements for a sustainable cold chain and its logistics, and what will be its implications on the environment. Key objectives of the study are: i) Analyzing the energy requirements of a complete ...

This paper summarizes unprecedented adverse health and economic impacts as well as policy responses in the Asia and Pacific region and the rest of the world generated by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020. By the end of 2020, over 80 million people had been infected, with developing Asia accounting for 17% of cases. As the pandemic progressed, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) carried ...

While the COVID-19 pandemic is affecting all countries, output losses vary considerably across countries. We provide a first analysis of robust determinants of the observed initial output losses using model-averaging techniques—Weighted Average Least Squares and Bayesian Model Averaging. The results suggest that countries that experienced larger output losses are those with lower GDP per capita, ...

This paper examines the effect of the COVID 19 pandemic on global production sharing in ASEAN Member States Product level analysis on hard disk drives, air conditioners, microwaves, televisions, washing machines, and automotive parts is undertaken to examine trade patterns between January 2019 and October/November 2020. The key finding suggests that the pandemic caused parts shortages but this effect ...