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    High-Speed Railroad and Economic Geography: Evidence from Japan

    Li, Zhigang; Xu, Hangtian | May 2016
    Abstract
    This study addresses the debate on whether high-speed railroad (HSR) polarizes or balances economic geography. We find that both can occur: while the service sector tends to agglomerate, the manufacturing sector may decentralize; moreover, economic activities may agglomerate from distant areas to the core, while dispersing from the core toward its periphery at the same time. The service sector is crucial in this process because, unlike other land transport infrastructure, HSR mainly saves transport time for people, but not cargo. Incorporating this feature to the model of Ottaviano et al. (2002), we show that HSR can lead to either polarization or diffusion depending on sector and distance between cities. This is supported by empirical evidence from the 1982 opening of two major HSRs in Japan (Shinkansen), which saved intercity travel time by as much as half. We find that in non core areas service employment decreased by 7%, while manufacturing employment increased by 21%; cities within approximately 100 kilometers of Tokyo expanded, while more distant cities shrank. In net, Tokyo metropolitan area agglomerates as a result of HSR.
    Citation
    Li, Zhigang; Xu, Hangtian. 2016. High-Speed Railroad and Economic Geography: Evidence from Japan. © Asian Development Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/11540/8817.
    ISSN
    2313-6537 (Print)
    2313-6545 (e-ISSN)
    Keywords
    Bus Transportation Costs
    Demand For Transport
    Means Of Transport
    National Transport
    Passenger Transport
    Road & Highway Transport
    Road Transportation Systems
    Sea Transport
    Transport Costs
    Transport Efficiency
    Transport Infrastructure
    Transport Planning
    Transport Policy
    Transport Services
    Transport Systems
    Transport Tax
    Transportation
    Urbanization
    Urban Services
    Urban Projects
    Urban Problems
    Urban Poverty
    Urban Policy
    Urban Planning
    Urban Infrastructure
    Urban Health
    Urban Government
    Urban Economic Development
    Urban Development Finance
    Urban Development
    Urban Conditions
    Urban Communities
    Urban Population
    Modes of transport
    Airports
    Ports
    Shipping
    Taxis
    Vehicle
    Automobile industry
    Road traffic
    Inland transport
    International transport
    Public transport
    Urban transport
    Transport projects
    Transport workers
    Transport statistics
    Transport networks
    Urban traffic
    Urban Plans
    Urbanism
    Urban agriculture
    Economic Development
    Rural Urban Migration
    Cities
    Communication and traffic
    Navigation
    Transport planes
    Air transportation industry
    Air transportation system
    Intra-airport transportation
    Inland water transportation
    Intercoastal shipping
    Marine transportation
    Local transit
    Highway transportation
    Motor transportation
    Student transportation
    Choice of transportation
    Public transportation
    Transportation industry
    Mass transit
    Municipal transit
    Local government
    Urban renewal
    Urban housing
    Urban sociology
    Transit systems
    Rapid transit
    Public transit
    Mass transit
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    Citable URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11540/8817
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Thumbnail
    ewp-485.pdf (1.739Mb)
    Author
    Li, Zhigang
    Xu, Hangtian
    Theme
    Transport
    Urban
    Labor Migration
     
    Copyright 2016-2020 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise
    Copyright 2016-2020 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise