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    Cyber Deterrence in Singapore: Framework and Recommendations

    Tan, Eugene Eg | April 2018
    Abstract
    As a small state, Singapore’s ability to create deterrence against cyberattacks is very limited. There is limited value in pursuing classic deterrence through denial and punishment because: (i) technology is relatively cheap and widely available; (ii) there is difficulty in accurately attributing blame; and (iii) there is difficulty in identifying and punishing attackers. If there is no detection or ability to punish, Singapore’s credibility suffers. The report suggests six ways that Singapore can improve its cyberattack deterrence: 1. Develop a response mechanism to guide deterrence 2. Create resilient systems 3. Share collective responsibility in cybersecurity 4. Increase capabilities through the improvement of penetration detection 5. Create norms with enforcement capabilities 6. Strengthen international law enforcement, cooperation, and legislation It is also not feasible to measure deterrence in cyberspace the same way as nuclear deterrence, where a no-attack scenario denotes that deterrence is successful. Rather, deterrence should be seen as a mitigating effort that leads potential attackers to believe it is not in their best interest to attack. These efforts at deterrence can be further enhanced by improving the accuracy of attribution, the detection of cyber incidents regardless of size, and ensuring that timely action is taken against cyberattackers.
    Citation
    Tan, Eugene Eg. 2018. Cyber Deterrence in Singapore: Framework and Recommendations. © S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies. http://hdl.handle.net/11540/8159.
    Keywords
    Assessing Corporate Governance
    Corporate Governance Reform
    Governance Models
    Commerce and Industry
    Intra-Industry Trade
    Large Scale Industry
    Labor
    Technical Evaluation
    Institutional Framework
    Business Management
    Corporate Restructuring
    Industrialization
    Industrial Economics
    Industrial Development
    Industrial Policy
    Technology assessment
    Technological institutes
    Employment
    Information Media
    Mass Media
    Export Oriented Industries
    Electronics
    Computers
    Telecommunications Industry
    Manufacturing Industries
    Microprocessors
    Electronic Equipment
    Communication Industry
    Personnel management
    Corporate reorganizations
    Intergovernmental cooperation
    Consolidation and merger of corporations
    Industrial Mergers
    Corporate Mergers and Acquisitions
    Mergers
    Microelectronics industry
    Electronic industries
    Digital electronics
    Microelectronics
    Podcasts
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    Capital market
    Developing countries
    Market share
    Labor
    Technology transfer
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    Citable URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11540/8159
    Metadata
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    Author
    Tan, Eugene Eg
    Theme
    Governance
    Industry
     
    Copyright 2016-2021 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise
    Copyright 2016-2021 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise