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    Poverty and Nutrition: A Case Study of Rural Households in Thailand and Viet Nam

    Waibel, Hermann; Hohfeld, Lena | December 2016
    Abstract
    In this paper, we analyze the link between nutrition and poverty in two Asian countries where monetary-based poverty reduction was especially successful. Thailand and Viet Nam are two emerging market economies where poverty rates are now below 10% and are declining further. Despite this success, it is not clear to what extent this success has translated into similar improvements in the nutritional situation of the people and especially of children. We find that undernutrition continues to be a problem in Viet Nam with child underweight rates of 27% and therefore higher than headcount rates of the $1.25 poverty line. Also, Thailand, after the economic crisis, with 19% of children underweight, is still above the World Health Organization’s threshold. We investigate the factors that influence nutrition outcomes, measured as Z-scores of the weight-for-age indicator, by using Tobit regressions for four different groups of children, based on income (poor vs. non-poor) and nutrition (underweight vs. non-underweight). We find that poverty and income influence nutrition outcomes, but other factors such as mother’s height, education, migration and sanitation also affect nutrition. Coefficients of respective variables differ by poverty status. Our conclusion that non-monetary factors matter to reduce undernutrition, and, therefore, monetary poverty reduction is not a sufficient condition, is further underlined by a prediction of future undernutrition rates based on regressions. Also, we find that, even under the assumption of high growth, income growth alone will not be able to reduce undernutrition to a level of low severity until the year 2030.
    Citation
    Waibel, Hermann; Hohfeld, Lena. 2016. Poverty and Nutrition: A Case Study of Rural Households in Thailand and Viet Nam. © Asian Development Bank Institute. http://hdl.handle.net/11540/6857.
    Keywords
    Prenatal Care
    Nutrition Programs
    Child Nutrition
    Child Development
    Social Conditions
    Socially Disadvantaged Children
    Reproductive Health
    Nutrition and Health Care
    Maternal and Child Health
    Family Health
    Prenatal Care
    Nutrition Programs
    Child Nutrition
    State and nutrition
    Food policy
    Nutrition policy
    Maternity
    Health Aspects Of Poverty
    Nutrition and state
    Food policy
    Nutrition policy
    Cost and standard of living
    Economic conditions
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    Citable URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11540/6857
    Metadata
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    adbi-wp623.pdf (2.618Mb)
    Author
    Waibel, Hermann
    Hohfeld, Lena
    Theme
    Health
    Poverty
    Labor Migration
     
    Copyright 2016-2021 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise
    Copyright 2016-2021 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise