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    Poverty and Ethnicity in Asian Countries

    Gradín, Carlos | December 2016
    Abstract
    This paper compares the extent and the nature of the higher prevalence of poverty among disadvantaged ethnic groups in six Asian countries using demographic surveys. We first estimate a composite wealth index as a proxy for economic status, and analyze the magnitude of the ethnic gap in absolute and relative poverty levels across six countries and different ethnicities in those countries. Then, we use regression-based counterfactual analysis for explaining these ethnic differentials in poverty. We compare the actual differential in poverty with the gap that remains after disadvantaged ethnic groups are given the distribution of characteristics of the advantaged ones (by reweighting their densities using propensity scores). Our results show that there is a substantial cross-country variability in the extension, evolution, and nature of the ethnic poverty gap, which is as high as 50 percentage points or more in some specific cases in Nepal, Pakistan, or India. The gap in the latter country increased over the analyzed period, while it was reduced in the Philippines. Our analyses indicate that factors that contribute to ethnic disadvantaged groups being poorer are the strongly persistent high inequalities in education (e.g., India, Nepal, and Pakistan), in regional development (e.g., the Philippines) and the large urban-rural gap (e.g., Pakistan).
    Citation
    Gradín, Carlos. 2016. Poverty and Ethnicity in Asian Countries. © Asian Development Bank Institute. http://hdl.handle.net/11540/6856.
    Keywords
    Development Indicators
    Environmental Indicators
    Economic Indicators
    Educational Indicators
    Demographic Indicators
    Health Indicators
    Disadvantaged Groups
    Low Income Groups
    Socially Disadvantaged Children
    Rural Conditions
    Rural Development
    Social Conditions
    Urban Development
    Urban Sociology
    Project finance
    Resources evaluation
    Needs assessment
    Cost benefit analysis
    Alleviating Poverty
    Anti-Poverty
    Extreme Poverty
    Fight Against Poverty
    Global Poverty
    Health Aspects Of Poverty
    Indicators Of Poverty
    Participatory Poverty Assessment
    Poverty Eradication
    Poverty Analysis
    Poverty In Developing Countries
    Poverty Reduction Efforts
    Urban Poverty
    Results-Based Monitoring And Evaluation
    Project Evaluation & Review Technique
    Performance Evaluation
    Impact Evaluation Reports
    Evaluation Criteria
    Poor
    Economic forecasting
    Health expectancy
    Social groups
    Political participation
    Distribution of income
    Inequality of income
    Developing countries
    Rural community development
    Mass society
    Social change
    Social policy
    Social stability
    Population
    Sustainable development
    Peasantry
    Urban policy
    Urban renewal
    Results mapping
    Risk assessment
    Participatory monitoring and evaluation
    Cost effectiveness
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    Citable URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11540/6856
    Metadata
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    Thumbnail
    adbi-wp624.pdf (2.618Mb)
    Author
    Gradín, Carlos
    Theme
    Poverty
    Evaluation
    Labor Migration
     
    Copyright 2016-2021 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise
    Copyright 2016-2021 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise