Migration in the People’s Republic of China
Lu, Ming; Xia, Yiran | September 2016
Abstract
This report summarizes the characteristics of migration in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) after its reforms and opening up. Rapid urbanization in the PRC has resulted from recent decades of intense rural–urban migration. The scale of migration increased rapidly and long-term migration is the main characteristic. The population characteristics of migration are determined not only by a personal decision, but also a joint decision within households to send members with comparative advantages in manufacturing and services, usually male and young, to work in cities. Coastal regions where manufacturing and services are better developed, especially big cities, are the major destinations. The aspiration for higher-income and better job opportunities is the major force that drives migration, while public services and urban amenities also partly account for population flows. However, in the PRC, there are still major institutional barriers—especially the hukou system and related segmentation in the urban labor market, social security, and public services access—that hinder rural–urban and interregional migration. Facing the challenges of fast urbanization and growing urban diseases, local governments still rely on the current system to control the population flow into large cities. Controlling population growth by discriminative policies will lead to more social problems. Policy makers should reconsider the way to achieve efficient and harmonious urbanization by shifting to more pro-market policies and reducing the migration costs embedded in institutional constraints.
Citation
Lu, Ming; Xia, Yiran. 2016. Migration in the People’s Republic of China. © Asian Development Bank Institute. http://hdl.handle.net/11540/6651.Keywords
Urban Plans
Urbanism
Urban agriculture
Economic Development
Rural Urban Migration
Cities
Institutional Framework
Business Management
Corporate Restructuring
Urbanization
Urban Services
Urban Projects
Urban Problems
Urban Poverty
Urban Policy
Urban Planning
Urban Infrastructure
Urban Health
Urban Government
Urban Economic Development
Urban Development Finance
Urban Development
Urban Conditions
Urban Communities
Urban Population
Assessing Corporate Governance
Corporate Governance Reform
Governance Models
Local government
Urban renewal
Urban housing
Urban sociology
Transit systems
Rapid transit
Public transit
Mass transit
Personnel management
Corporate reorganizations
Intergovernmental cooperation
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Citable URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11540/6651Metadata
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