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    Migration in the People’s Republic of China

    Lu, Ming; Xia, Yiran | September 2016
    Abstract
    This report summarizes the characteristics of migration in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) after its reforms and opening up. Rapid urbanization in the PRC has resulted from recent decades of intense rural–urban migration. The scale of migration increased rapidly and long-term migration is the main characteristic. The population characteristics of migration are determined not only by a personal decision, but also a joint decision within households to send members with comparative advantages in manufacturing and services, usually male and young, to work in cities. Coastal regions where manufacturing and services are better developed, especially big cities, are the major destinations. The aspiration for higher-income and better job opportunities is the major force that drives migration, while public services and urban amenities also partly account for population flows. However, in the PRC, there are still major institutional barriers—especially the hukou system and related segmentation in the urban labor market, social security, and public services access—that hinder rural–urban and interregional migration. Facing the challenges of fast urbanization and growing urban diseases, local governments still rely on the current system to control the population flow into large cities. Controlling population growth by discriminative policies will lead to more social problems. Policy makers should reconsider the way to achieve efficient and harmonious urbanization by shifting to more pro-market policies and reducing the migration costs embedded in institutional constraints.
    Citation
    Lu, Ming; Xia, Yiran. 2016. Migration in the People’s Republic of China. © Asian Development Bank Institute. http://hdl.handle.net/11540/6651.
    Keywords
    Urban Plans
    Urbanism
    Urban agriculture
    Economic Development
    Rural Urban Migration
    Cities
    Institutional Framework
    Business Management
    Corporate Restructuring
    Urbanization
    Urban Services
    Urban Projects
    Urban Problems
    Urban Poverty
    Urban Policy
    Urban Planning
    Urban Infrastructure
    Urban Health
    Urban Government
    Urban Economic Development
    Urban Development Finance
    Urban Development
    Urban Conditions
    Urban Communities
    Urban Population
    Assessing Corporate Governance
    Corporate Governance Reform
    Governance Models
    Local government
    Urban renewal
    Urban housing
    Urban sociology
    Transit systems
    Rapid transit
    Public transit
    Mass transit
    Personnel management
    Corporate reorganizations
    Intergovernmental cooperation
    Show allCollapse
    Citable URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11540/6651
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Thumbnail
    adbi-wp593.pdf (1.359Mb)
    Author
    Lu, Ming
    Xia, Yiran
    Theme
    Urban
    Governance
    Labor Migration

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    Copyright 2016-2021 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise