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    Urbanization, Inequality, and Poverty in the People's Republic of China

    Zhang, Yuan | July 2016
    Abstract
    Relying on the present literature, official statistics, and household survey data in the People's Republic of China, this paper summarizes research findings on the relationship between urbanization, urban'rural inequality, and poverty, and provides further empirical evidence on the role of urbanization and government policies in urban poverty. Several conclusions can be drawn from. First, urbanization has a significant effect on reducing both poverty of rural residents and poverty of migrating peasants, and, consequently, has a positive effect on narrowing the rural'urban income or consumption gap. Urban labor markets play an important role in this effect. Second, urbanization is positively correlated with urban poverty. This can be explained by the competition between migrating peasants and urban workers in the labor market, and the failure of the government's anti-poverty policies in urban areas. Third, the existence of an informal sector has a negative effect on the poverty of urban citizens. Being employed by the informal sector significantly increases the probability of falling into poverty for urban citizens. Fourth, the minimum wage has a positive effect on reducing urban poverty, while the effect of other policies, such as Di Bao and the minimum living standard, is limited.
    Citation
    Zhang, Yuan. 2016. Urbanization, Inequality, and Poverty in the People's Republic of China. © Asian Development Bank Institute. http://hdl.handle.net/11540/6621.
    Keywords
    Development Indicators
    Environmental Indicators
    Economic Indicators
    Educational Indicators
    Demographic Indicators
    Health Indicators
    Disadvantaged Groups
    Low Income Groups
    Socially Disadvantaged Children
    Rural Conditions
    Rural Development
    Social Conditions
    Urban Development
    Urban Sociology
    Urban Plans
    Urbanism
    Urban agriculture
    Economic Development
    Rural Urban Migration
    Cities
    Alleviating Poverty
    Anti-Poverty
    Extreme Poverty
    Fight Against Poverty
    Global Poverty
    Health Aspects Of Poverty
    Indicators Of Poverty
    Participatory Poverty Assessment
    Poverty Eradication
    Poverty Analysis
    Poverty In Developing Countries
    Poverty Reduction Efforts
    Urban Poverty
    Urbanization
    Urban Services
    Urban Projects
    Urban Problems
    Urban Poverty
    Urban Policy
    Urban Planning
    Urban Infrastructure
    Urban Health
    Urban Government
    Urban Economic Development
    Urban Development Finance
    Urban Development
    Urban Conditions
    Urban Communities
    Urban Population
    Poor
    Economic forecasting
    Health expectancy
    Social groups
    Political participation
    Distribution of income
    Inequality of income
    Developing countries
    Rural community development
    Mass society
    Social change
    Social policy
    Social stability
    Population
    Sustainable development
    Peasantry
    Urban policy
    Urban renewal
    Local government
    Urban renewal
    Urban housing
    Urban sociology
    Transit systems
    Rapid transit
    Public transit
    Mass transit
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    Citable URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11540/6621
    Metadata
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    Thumbnail
    adbi-wp584.pdf (1.534Mb)
    Author
    Zhang, Yuan
    Theme
    Poverty
    Urban
    Labor Migration
     
    Copyright 2016-2021 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise
    Copyright 2016-2021 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise