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    Budgetary Institutions & Levels of Expenditure Outcomes in Australia & New Zealnd

    Campos, J. Edgardo; Pradhan, Sanjay | June 1999
    Abstract
    In recent years, there has been heightened concern about poor fiscal outcomes in both developed and developing countries. Governments have had to reduce aggregate public spending and deficits due to serious macroeconomic imbalances. At the same time, governments have had to focus attention on the composition of spending in deciding where to cut expenditures, i.e. allocative efficiency. Moreover, many have recognized the need to address often serious problems with technical inefficiency in the use of budgeted resources (World Bank 1992). But while policy makers and researchers have recognized these three basic problems, for the most part they have not addressed them in an integrated manner. In particular, the interrelationships among these problems have not been systematically examined. Macroeconomists have focussed the control of aggregate spending and the deficit. Experts in public administration have worked predominantly on improving technical efficiency. And, fiscal economists have concentrated on issues of allocative efficiency.
    Citation
    Campos, J. Edgardo; Pradhan, Sanjay. 1999. Budgetary Institutions & Levels of Expenditure Outcomes in Australia & New Zealnd. © Asian Development Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/11540/6087.
    Keywords
    Economic Development
    Economic Infrastructure
    Economic Policies
    Regional Economic Development
    Microfinance Programs
    Public Finance
    Local Financing
    Financial Stability
    Financial Sector Regulation
    Macroeconomic
    Macroeconomic Analysis
    Macroeconomic Framework
    Macroeconomic Models
    Macroeconomic Performance
    Macroeconomic Planning
    Macroeconomic Policies
    Macroeconomic Reform
    Macroeconomic Stabilization
    Enterprises
    Financial aid
    Economies in transition
    Local Finance
    Local Government
    Insurance Companies
    Banks
    Social Equity
    Social condition
    Economic dependence
    Economic assistance
    International monetary relations
    International monetary relations
    International trade
    National accounting
    Market
    Social responsibility of business
    Accounting
    Personal budgets
    Cost and standard of living
    Bank accounts
    Credit control
    Regulatory reform
    Banks and banking
    Exchange
    Comparative economics
    Index number
    Monetary policy
    Value analysis
    Adjustment cost
    Transaction cost
    Conditionality
    International relations
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    Citable URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11540/6087
    Metadata
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    Author
    Campos, J. Edgardo
    Pradhan, Sanjay
    Theme
    Economics
    Finance
     
    Copyright 2016-2021 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise
    Copyright 2016-2021 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise