Impacts of Sanitation on Child Mortality and School Enrollment: A Country-Level Analysis

Abstract

This study contributes to the limited empirical literature on sanitation by estimating the causal effect of sanitation on development outcomes using country-level data from the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene1 and other sources. It employs an instrumental variable two-stage least squares (IV 2SLS) approach to address the endogeneity of sanitation. The remaining sections of this policy brief explore the previous literature, present the empirical strategy and data, discuss the results, and finally, provide the conclusion and policy recommendations.