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    Urgent Need to Strengthen State Capacity: Learning from Indonesia’s COVID-19 Crisis

    Nugroho, Yanuar; Negara, Siwage Dharma | June 2020
    Abstract
    Unlike other populous democratic countries like India and the Philippines, Indonesia did not implement a full lockdown to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Arguably, the government was concerned about difficulties in imposing stringent lockdowns, which would have to be extended several times and which would be very costly for the country. From the beginning of the pandemic, there had been a contentious debate about whether a lockdown, which would cost government a lot of money, resources and even political risks, would make much difference in reducing infection numbers. Moreover, the government’s awareness that it lacks the capacity where the healthcare system and the bureaucracy were concerned, forced it to implement a relaxed policy. Despite the government’s claim that it has managed to ‘flatten the curve’ by early May, Indonesia has the highest number of COVID-19 fatalities in Asia, with a 6-7 percent death rate among total confirmed cases (Figure 1). Notwithstanding, the figures are perceived to be significantly underreported as the official data did not include deaths of patients suspected to have coronavirus and who were still awaiting tests. Certainly, many factors have been at play, but this reality indicates the country’s lack of hard and soft public health infrastructure to deal with the crisis. This essay examines how the COVID-19 crisis has been exacerbated by the weakness in Indonesia’s state capacity and the bureaucracy, especially in relation to public health governance and disaster response in general. It highlights the urgent need for Indonesia to revisit its state capacity in dealing with the current crisis and in preparing for the ‘New Normal post-COVID-19’ (New Normal, hereafter).
    Citation
    Nugroho, Yanuar; Negara, Siwage Dharma. 2020. Urgent Need to Strengthen State Capacity: Learning from Indonesia’s COVID-19 Crisis. © ISEAS Yusof Ishak Institute. http://hdl.handle.net/11540/12158.
    ISSN
    2335-6677
    Keywords
    Public Health
    Partnerships in Health Reform
    Health Systems
    Development projects
    Physical infrastructure
    Soft infrastructure
    Infrastructure finance
    Infrastructure bonds
    Pandemic
    Vaccination
    World Health Organization
    Quality of Health Care
    Partnerships in Health Reform
    Health
    Health Standards
    Health Care Cost Control
    Health Care Access
    Health Risk
    Health Issues
    Governance
    Good Governance
    Political Leadership
    Public Administration
    Business Ethics
    Governance
    Corporate Governance Reform
    Governance Approach
    Governance Quality
    Public Sector Projects
    Public Sector Reform
    Political Leadership
    Political Power
    Institutional Framework
    Government
    Government accounting
    Medical Economics
    Disease Control
    Occupational Hygiene
    Medical Services
    Health Costs
    Sanitation
    Diseases
    Water Quality
    Respiratory Diseases
    Health Indicators
    Disadvantaged Groups
    Social condition
    Health Care Services
    Health Standards
    Health Service Management
    Health Costs
    Medical Statistics
    Lockdown
    Government
    Institutional Framework
    Public Administration
    Business Ethics
    Political Leadership
    Public enterprises
    Public finance
    Public enterprises
    Localisation
    Elections
    Voting
    Covid
    Health status indicators
    Medical and health care industry
    Vaccination
    Delivery of medical care
    Social distancing
    Inclusion|Bureaucracy
    Cabinet system
    Common good
    Executive power
    Government
    Political obligation
    Public management
    Government accountability
    Transparency in government
    Political ethics
    Government spending policy
    Government services
    Democracy
    Democratization
    Elections
    Local government
    Government business enterprises
    Police power
    Local government
    Show allCollapse
    Citable URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11540/12158
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Thumbnail
    ISEAS_Perspective_2020_66.pdf (514.5Kb)
    Author
    Nugroho, Yanuar
    Negara, Siwage Dharma
    Theme
    Health
    Governance

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    Copyright 2016-2021 Asian Development Bank Institute, except as explicitly marked otherwise