International Migration and Remittance Effects on the School Enrollment of Children Staying Behind: Evidence from Tajikistan
Murakami, Enerelt | June 2019
Abstract
This paper explores the impact of international migration on school enrollment of children staying behind in Tajikistan, by using data from a large nationally representative household survey. The methodology employed is a switching probit model that accounts for the endogeneity and self-selection of migration and remittance with respect to school enrollment. Counterfactual situations are constructed for children belonging to households with and without migrants, remittance receiving and nonreceiving households, and households with migrant parents to single out the impact of migration and remittances. The results show that migration of household members reduces the probability of enrolling in school by 10 percentage points for children who belong to households with migrants. The effect of parental migration is much larger than that of migration of other household members. Receiving remittances reduces the adverse impact of migration by only 1‒3 percentage points. The effect is especially prominent for poor households with young and uneducated household heads.
Citation
Murakami, Enerelt. 2019. International Migration and Remittance Effects on the School Enrollment of Children Staying Behind: Evidence from Tajikistan. © Asian Development Bank Institute. http://hdl.handle.net/11540/10437.Keywords
Investment In Education
Levels Of Education
Quality Education
Public Education
Parent Education
Equity In Education
Educational Policies
Educational Reforms
Enrollment
Cash transfer
Higher education institutions
Economics of education
Educational theory
Education
Higher Education
Labor Market
Training
Out of school education
Alternative education
Educational policy
Educational planning
Educational aspects
Immigration
Trade in services
Services sector
GATS (General Agreement for Trade in Services)
Market access
Guest workers
Work permission
Visas
Migration
Rural Urban Migration
Capitalism and education
Counseling in higher education
Community and college
Tutors and tutoring
Educational change
Educational innovations
Total quality management in education
Educational accountability
Homebound instruction
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